Too Much Partisanship, Too Little Progress: Republican Failures During the 109th Congress
February 6, 2006
DPC Staff Contact:
So far in the 109th
Congress, the Senate Republican Leadership has failed to represent the values
of mainstream Americans and has instead pushed an agenda that reflects the
desires of special interests. As a result, record federal deficits
continued in 2005 and, without real reform, will continue for years to
come. Meanwhile, our nation’s most critical priorities – including
emergency preparedness, economic security, access to
affordable health care, quality education, and energy independence – have become
an afterthought in the midst of the current Republican culture of
corruption. In contrast to a Republican Party that increasingly serves
special interests, Democrats offer positive ideas for change that will benefit
middle-class Americans and those who aspire to enter the middle-class.
Economic Security
Deficit Reduction: Republicans have run up historic budget
deficits and refused to put us back on a course of budget discipline.
Last year, the deficit reached $319 billion, higher than in any year
before President Bush took office;
Overtime
Protections: Republicans have
failed to support a measure to prohibit the Bush Administration from
taking overtime pay away from an estimated six million workers.
During the Bush Administration, wages have stagnated or declined, even as
the cost of health care, child care, and other essential expenses has
continued to climb. The Bush overtime regulations will mean millions
in lost wages at a time when workers can least afford it;
Minimum Wage
Increase: For the eighth year
in a row, Republicans have failed to raise the minimum wage. Minimum
wage employees working 40 hours a week, 52 weeks a year, earn $10,700 a
year, $5,000 below the poverty line for a family of three. The current
minimum wage fails to provide enough income to enable minimum wage workers
to afford adequate housing in any area of the country; and
Tax Credits For
Employers of Reservists:
Republicans have failed to provide adequate support to employers hard hit
by the activation of military reservists to serve in Iraq.
For the second year in a row, Congressional Republicans blocked a bill
that would have rewarded businesses that continue to pay salaries to their
employees serving oversees. This provision would provide a tax
credit to employers continuing to pay activated National Guard and Reserve
employees and provide an additional tax credit to small businesses to help
them cover the cost of temporarily replacing an employee who has been
activated.
Health Care
Health Care Costs: Republicans have failed to pass legislation to
hold down the unprecedented increases in health care premiums for American
families. Employer-sponsored health insurance increased by 9.2
percent in 2005 – more than three times the growth in wages and more than
twice the rate of overall inflation. Premiums for family health
coverage are now $10,880, up from $6,348 in 2000. These premium
hikes are straining family finances, forcing businesses to drop coverage,
and driving up the number of uninsured Americans;
Covering the
Uninsured: Republicans have
failed to enact legislation to reduce the growing number of uninsured
Americans, which now stands at 45.8 million. The number of uninsured
Americans has increased by 6 million since 2000. People without
health insurance have less access to health care, are in poorer health,
and are at greater risk of premature death;
Stem Cell
Research: The Republican
leadership has failed to bring to the floor a stand-alone bill to expand
federal support for embryonic stem cell research. Current funding
restrictions, imposed by President Bush, are impeding promising research
by preventing the use of federal funds on the best available stem cell
lines;
Prescription Drug
Importation: Republicans have
failed to enact drug importation legislation, which would give American
consumers access to lower-priced drugs from abroad. The price of
commonly prescribed brand name drugs has been increasing in the United States
by more than twice the rate of inflation, creating a barrier to accessing
needed medications;
Medicare Drug
Coverage: Republicans failed to
support Democratic efforts to address anticipated problems implementing
the new Medicare drug benefit, such as transitioning some beneficiaries’
drug coverage from Medicaid to Medicare. Also, Republican leaders
continue to oppose legislation that would allow Medicare to use its
purchasing power to lower drug prices;
Medicare Premium
Increases: Republicans have not
responded to recent increases in Medicare Part B premiums. Monthly
Part B premiums have almost doubled since 2000 – from $45.50 in 2000 to
$88.50 in 2006;
Mental Health
Parity: Republicans have failed
to pass bipartisan legislation to end discriminatory health insurance
coverage for those who require mental health services. This could
have serious financial implications for the one in five Americans who
suffer from a mental disorder in any given year;
Patients’ Bill of
Rights: Republicans have failed
to enact a Patients’ Bill of Rights, which would protect patients
from inappropriate denials of care and allow them to hold health plans
accountable. Senate Democrats were able to pass a comprehensive bill
of rights in 2001, but it was never enacted into law. The Republican
leadership has not been interested in returning to this legislation;
Immigrant
Children’s Health Care:
Republicans have failed to enact the Immigrant Children’s Health
Improvement Act (ICHIA), which would allow states to cover legal
immigrant children and pregnant women under Medicaid and the State
Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). The current prohibition
on covering these people unfairly singles them out for restricted access
to public health coverage programs;
Minority Health
Disparities: Republicans have
failed to pass legislation to reduce racial and ethnic health
disparities. Minority populations disproportionately suffer from
many diseases, are less likely to have health insurance, and encounter
other obstacles to receiving appropriate health care services; and
Indian Health: Republicans have failed to reauthorize the
long-overdue Indian Health Care Improvement Act (IHCIA), which
provides the crucial framework for fulfilling the federal government’s
trust responsibility to deliver health care to Native Americans.
Passage of this bill, which was supposed to be reauthorized at the end of
Fiscal Year 2001, would be an important step toward improving the health
of American Indians and Alaska Natives, who have a lower life expectancy
than other Americans and suffer from higher rates of many serious medical
problems.
Education
No Child Left
Behind Funding: Republicans
have failed to fully fund No Child Left Behind
(NCLB) education reforms. Even though school districts are facing
increasingly rigorous academic standards and new requirements for highly
qualified teachers, Republicans actually reduced funding for NCLB in
Fiscal Year 2006. Funding for NCLB is about $13 billion below the
authorized level;
Strengthen Head
Start: Republicans have failed
to provide the resources needed to keep Head Start strong. Even
though less than half of eligible 3 and 4 year olds are enrolled in Head
Start, Republicans continue to provide funding increases to expand
enrollment. Head Start provide important child development,
education, health, nutrition, and other services to prepare low-income
children to enter kindergarten ready to learn;
Individuals with
Disabilities Education Act: The
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) was reauthorized
at the end of 2004, but Republicans underfunded
the program by $4 billion in Fiscal Year 2006 below the authorized
level. For the first time in a decade, the federal government has
scaled back its share of special education funding;
Higher Education
Act: Republicans partially
reauthorized the Higher Education Act as part of budget
reconciliation. While the bill included some additional financial
aid for students eligible for Pell Grants, the new aid fails to prioritize
the neediest students and imposes new hurdles. Republicans passed up
on an enormous opportunity to make college more affordable, instead using
saving from greater efficiency in the student loan program to partially
offset the cost of tax cuts;
NativeAmericanSchool Construction Funding: Republicans have failed to address the almost $1
billion backlog in repairs for schools funded by the Bureau of Indian
Affairs (BIA). Funding was actually cut for Fiscal Year 2006.
This failure means American Indian and Alaskan Native students will
continue to attend classes in dilapidated and unsafe schools, limiting
their opportunities to effectively learn subjects and develop skills
critical to success in today’s competitive economy; and
Development,
Relief, and Education for Alien Minors Dream Act: Republicans have failed to pass the Development,
Relief, and Education for Alien Minors Dream (DREAM) Act, which
would allow states to offer in-state tuition to immigrant students and
also allow long-time immigrants who grow up in the United States, graduate
from high school, and demonstrate strong moral character, the opportunity
to adjust their immigrant status. Although the DREAM Act
enjoys broad bipartisan support, the Republican leadership has failed to
bring the bill to the Senate floor.
Homeland Security
Assault Weapons
Ban: For the second year in a
row, Republicans have failed to extend the ban on purchasing assault
weapons. In 2005, Senate Democrats attempted to pass legislation
that would have reauthorized the ban; however, the Republican-controlled
Senate refused to allow the measure to come to the floor for a vote;
COPS Funding: Republicans have failed to stand up to the Bush
Administration’s proposed eighty-six percent cut for the Community
Oriented Policing Services (COPS) program. Since the Republicans
assumed the majority, funding for COPS has decreased by nearly $300
million. This may be the worst time to cut the number of police
officers on the street. With increased homeland security needs,
local officers have had to leave their traditional policing duties to
cover tasks such as guarding airports, borders, transportation
infrastructure, utilities, and special events. In addition, many of
our police officers are overseas serving as reservists. Now, more
than ever, our local law enforcement agencies need the COPS program;
National Guard
Funding: Republicans have
failed to act on bipartisan legislation to provide much-needed grants to
state governments to fund homeland security activities of state National
Guard units. The National Guard have seen their role dramatically
increase since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and now play
key roles in homeland security efforts in addition to their state and U.S.
military responsibilities. Among several key duties, they fly combat
air patrols, guard ports and waterways, and respond to chemical,
biological, and nuclear incidents;
Support for First
Responders:Republicans have failed restore full
funding to a number of local law enforcement programs that President
Bush’s budget has cut, including the Byrne Memorial Grant Program, the
Local Law Enforcement Block Grant (LLEBG) Program, the Community Oriented
Policing Services (COPS) program, Staffing for Adequate Fire and Emergency
Response (SAFER) grants, and the Firefighter Investment and Response
Enhancement (FIRE) Act. First responders are the
first line of defense against terrorist attacks, and the first on the
scene after an incident. The failure to restore full funding for
these programs means that first responders remain understaffed,
under-equipped, and under-trained for their terrorism prevention and
response roles;
Chemical Security:Republicans have failed to pass legislation on chemical security
that would enhance our nation’s security against terrorist attacks on
plants and factories using or storing hazardous chemicals. More than
100 chemical plants in the United States could be attacked, killing or
injuring more than one million people;
Nuclear Security: Republicans have failed to pass legislation
that would increase training and security to protect against terrorist
attacks at the nation's nuclear power plants. The Government
Accountability Office (GAO) recently found that 65 nuclear plants are not
adequately protected from terrorists attacks;
Border Security: Republicans have failed to move ahead with
bipartisan legislation to address the remaining vulnerabilities in
security at our nation’s borders. Major holes remain along United States
borders. For example, along our northern border, there is a border
agent posted only once every 5.5 miles;
Transportation
Security:Republicans have failed to pass bipartisan
legislation to provide adequate funding for public transit agencies to
enhance the security of transit facilities against chemical, biological
and other terrorist attacks. Over one-third of all worldwide
terrorist attacks target transportation systems, with public transit the
most frequently targeted transportation mode. The tragic attacks in London, which killed
52 people and injured 700 others, are only the most recent example of
attacks against transit and rail systems: there were reportedly 195
terrorist attacks against rail and transit systems from 1997 to 2000; and
Full Funding for
Interoperable Communications:
Republicans have failed to make critical investments in interoperable
communications for first responders, despite the fact that the 9/11
Commission identified communications interoperability as a key priority
for homeland security, noting that “the inability to communicate was a
critical element at the World Trade Center, Pentagon, and Somerset County,
Pennsylvania, crash sites, where multiple agencies and multiple
jurisdictions responded. The occurrence of this problem at three
very different sites, is strong evidence that
compatible and adequate communications among public safety organizations
at the local, state, and federal levels remains an important problem.”
Civil Rights
Hate Crimes: Republican Leadership failed to bring hate
crimes legislation that passed the House in September 2005 to the
floor. According to surveys conducted by the Department of Justice,
85 percent of law enforcement officials believe hate-motivated violent
crimes are more serious than similar crimes not motivated by bias.
Hate crimes are twice as likely as other crimes to involve injury to
the victim and four times as likely to require hospitalization; and
Immigration
Reform: Republicans have failed
to pass comprehensive immigration reform, despite widespread
acknowledgement that our nation’s immigration system in broken.
Energy and Environment
Environmental
Protection: Republicans failed
to stop Bush Administration efforts to continue weakening current
environmental laws and have failed to provide critical funding for
environmental protection and natural resources programs, including clean air,
clean water, enforcement, land acquisition, and urban parks;
Environmental Law Enforcement: Republicans have refused to conduct
constructive oversight of the severely weakened environmental enforcement
programs at the Department of the Interior and the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA). During the Bush Administration, the EPA has
issued 60 percent fewer violation notices and 28 percent fewer fines, and
Department of Justice prosecutions for environmental law violations have
declined by 23 percent;
Roadless Areas:Republicans failed to protect 58.5 million acres of roadless areas to logging and road building by
supporting the Bush Administration’s repeal of the Roadless
Rule. The Administration’s proposal replaces the widely popular and
scientifically supported rule proposed by the Clinton Administration to
protect remaining roadless areas that drew a
record 2.5 million public comments in its favor;
Energy Exploration in Sensitive Areas: While failing to protect federal lands set
aside as wildlife refuges, Republicans have opened more of the National
Petroleum Reserve in Alaska
to exploration for oil and natural gas. The areas opened for
exploration in January 2006 were restricted under the Reagan and Clinton
Administrations and are considered critical for local wildlife;
Wildfires:Republicans have failed to pass legislation to prevent catastrophic
wildfires. Instead, they passed legislation that allows timber
companies to log in some old-growth forests rather than maintaining
environmental standards and protecting residents in fire-prone areas while
clearing the dry brush that spreads forest fires;
National Parks Funding: Republicans have failed to eliminate the
National Park Service’s $4.9 billion maintenance backlog. Hundreds
of parks have had to face personnel shortages, delay maintenance projects,
shut down facilities and close trails due to lack of funding while
political appointees rewrite management policies to undermine the conservation
mission of the National Park Service;
Clean Water: Republicans have failed to invest the essential funding needed to
maintain our drinking water and sewage treatment systems at a time when
more than 40 percent of our lakes, rivers, and streams are too polluted
for fishing or swimming;
Clean Air: Republicans supported the Administration’s efforts to weaken and
delay legal requirements to control mercury emissions from power plants by
more than 10 years, while one in six American women of childbearing age
has levels of mercury in her blood that are unsafe for fetuses. In
addition, they sat idly by while the Bush Administration ignored the
public health advice of its official scientific advisors and failed to set
more protective air quality standards for fine particulate matter;
Toxic Waste Cleanup and Pollution: Republicans have failed to provide necessary
funding to clean up toxic waste sites. One in four Americans lives
within four miles of a toxic waste site. Republicans have looked the
other way as the Administration has reduced or eliminated toxic emissions
reporting requirements and limited the public’s access to information on
toxics risks;
Science: Republicans and the Bush Administration have consistently manipulated
and suppressed scientific analysis to support their ideological goals.
Environment and Public Works Committee Chairman Inhofe called a
fiction author as a witness on the issue of climate change in October
2005;
Climate Change: Republicans have failed to act to reduce
greenhouse emissions. The National Academy of Sciences states that
that greenhouse gases emission have increased over the last 50 years and
over the course of this century the Earth is expected to warm an additional
2.5 -10.5 degrees, which could cause serious economic and public health
impacts;
LIHEAP Funding: Republicans have failed to provide the funding
necessary for the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program to keep up
with rising energy costs. The cost of heating a home in winter has
increased by 78 percent since President Bush took office; and
Sustainable and Secure Energy: Republicans have failed to pass legislation to
bring down gasoline, diesel, or natural gas prices in the short term.
They have opposed a renewable portfolio standard and any legislation
to save substantial amounts of imported oil. Republicans have failed
to ensure that energy speculators are not manipulating prices and that
consumers are not being gouged at the pump.